Women's Choice Clinic

Introduction

Physical domestic violence against pregnant women in reductions in corporate and classes in the developed and developing world. This is a flagrant violation of human rights and has many profound consequences for the woman and her fetus, including serious health and social problems (Neuberger, 1992; Gazmararian, 1996; Valladares, 2002; American Medical Association, 1992).

Although the literature on this issue has increased in recent years, studies in developing countries and those that use population data are scarce. In addition, previous studies vary considerably as regards the definition of domestic violence physical, sample size and composition, and reference periods (Vallandares, 2002; Gazmararian, 1995).

It is clear from research that physical domestic violence against women during pregnancy is a problem that transcends countries, but the prevalence varies from one country to another and even within countries. The majority of clinical studies in the United States of America, the prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy ranges from 4% to 8% (Gazmararian, 1996; Gazmararian, 1995; Muhajarine and D'Arcy, 1999 Stewart & Cecutti, 1993). An analysis of the 1996-1998 monitoring and evaluation system risk pregnancy (prams) data from sixteen states of the United States estimated the overall prevalence of physical intimate partner violence during pregnancy was 5% (Saltzman, 2003); was most prevalent in Oklahoma (7%) and lowest in Maine (4%). Separate studies in North America and South Carolina showed that the prevalence in the States at 6% and 11%, respectively (Martin, 2001; Cokkindes, 1999).

A review of six studies from India, China, Pakistan and Ethiopia, the prevalence of physical intimate partner violence during pregnancy ranges from 4% to 28% (Nasir and Hyder, 2003). Four of these studies were in hospital and revealed a prevalence of 4-22% (Leung, Leung and Lam, 1999; Purmar, 1999; Fikree & Bhatti, 1999; Faruqi, 1996), the other two were based on population, covering two urban and rural areas, and the reported prevalence of 10-28% (Nasir and Hyder, 2003; Deyessa, 1998 and International Clinical Epidemiologists Network, 2000). A multi-country, population-based study conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO) from which the data of this study are drawn, shows that the rate of physical spousal abuse of women during pregnancy in ten countries development ranged from 3-28%% (Garcia-Moreno, 2005).

Eighteen percent of economically disadvantaged women currently married, living with their husbands in six villages of Bangladesh has experienced physical partner violence for at least one pregnancy, 3%, the abuse worsened during pregnancy (Bates, 2004).

While some abused women experience physical abuse during the first pregnancy, most do not. A study of prenatal patients Brisbane revealed that 18% of women victims of violence more were first victims of violence during pregnancy (Taft, 2001). According to studies in Turkey (Karaoglu, 2006) and Canada (Stewart & Cecutti, 1993), however, approximately 86% of abused women were abused for the first time when they were not pregnant. In addition, an analysis of nationally representative longitudinal U.S. suggests that pregnant women are at greater risk of victimization than other pregnant women (Jasinki, 2001). In addition, the WHO study found that several countries in most developing countries studied, the occurrence of physical violence does not overlap with pregnancy (Garcia-Moreno, 2005).

The research results vary on the advisability of abuse of women increases, decreases or stays the same during pregnancy. There is evidence that pregnancy can.